Research Highlights


Current Projects

The relationship between speech perception and production in gradiency and consistency

Supervisors: Efthymia Kapnoula (BCBL), Arthur Samuel (BCBL)

Summary: 
- To examine whether listeners with higher speech perception gradiency (i.e., sensitivity to subphonemic differences) reproduce speech sounds more accurately
- To examine whether listeners with higher speech perception consistency (i.e., stability of speech sound encoding) reproduce speech sounds more consistently

Methods: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), speech imitation task, various behavioral tasks and questionnaires

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Trajectories of gradiency, consistency, and accent processing in adult L2 learning: A longitudinal study

Collaborators: Ege Gür (University of Iowa), Efthymia Kapnoula (BCBL), Ethan Kutlu (University of Iowa)

Summary: 
- To track the development of gradiency (i.e., sensitivity to subphonemic differences) and consistency (i.e., stability of speech sound encoding) in English learners of Spanish over a three-year period
- To investigate the relationships between gradiency, consistency, and cognitive load in the processing of accented speech

Methods: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), pupillometry experiment, behavioral tasks, and linguistic diversity questionnaire

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Use of probabilistic speech cues in bilingual context

Different VOT variance distribution between Spanish (narrow) and Basque (wide)                       Visual world paradigm

Supervisors: Efthymia Kapnoula (BCBL), Arthur Samuel (BCBL)
Collaborator: Emily Myers (University of Connecticut)


Summary: To examine whether bilinguals can simultaneously maintain different probability distributions in their minds for two languages spoken by the same talker 
Method: Visual world paradigm with eye-tracking

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Effects of accent familiarity and rhythmic abilities on cognitive load in L2 listening: An individual difference approach

Supervisor: Drew McLaughlin (BCBL)

Collaborators: Efthymia Kapnoula (BCBL), Arthur Samuel (BCBL)


Summary: To examine whether individual listener differences in receptive and productive rhythmic abilities predict cognitive load for accent perception in L2 listening

Methods: Pupillometry experiment and behavioral tasks

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Language-Specific or universal? The nature and roles of consistency and gradiency in speech perception

Supervisors: Efthymia Kapnoula (BCBL), Arthur Samuel (BCBL)

Summary: To examine the predictors of individual differences in listeners' speech categorization gradiency and recovery in Lexical Garden Paths in Spanish-English bilinguals

Methods: Visual analogue scale (VAS), visual world paradigm with eye-tracking, and various behavioral tasks

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Previous Projects

Adaptation patterns and their associations with mismatch negativity: An electroencephalogram (EEG) study with controlled expectations 

[Picture]
(Top) The adaptation curves based on the N1 (left) and P2 (right) peak amplitudes in each position of the first ten tones. (Bottom) Correlations between MMN ampltiude and (left) N1 initial adapatation and (right) P2 subsequent adaptation peak amplitudes.

Supervisor: Urs Maurer (Chinese University of Hong Kong)
Collaborator: Shuting Huo (Chinese University of Hong Kong)


Summary: 
- Distinct adaptation patterns were found for multiple repetitions in different components 
- The mismatch negativity (MMN) combines two processes: an initial adaptation in the N1 and a continuous memory trace effect in the P2 

Method: EEG with a pure tone roving paradigm

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Revisiting the influence of phonological similarity on cognate processing: Evidence from Cantonese-Japanese bilinguals

[Picture]
Examples of Chinese-Japanese cognates with different objective and subjective phonological similarities (OPS/SPS) used in the Japanese (L2) lexical decision task

Supervisor: Tomohiro Inoue (Chinese University of Hong Kong)
Collaborator: Shawn Hemelstrand (Chinese University of Hong Kong)


Summary: 
- Phonological similarity, no matter measured objectively (OPS) or subjectively (SPS), appears to have minimal impact on Japanese cognate lexical decision among Cantonese-Japanese bilinguals
- This finding diverges from previous studies conducted on alphabetic languages, which showed a positive relationship between phonological similarity and cognitive processing

Method: Japanese (L2) lexical decision task

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How do Hong Kong bilingual children with Chinese dyslexia perceive dyslexia and academic learning? An interview study of metaphor analysis

[Picture]
Dyslexic children's quotes on metalinguistic awareness from the interview

Supervisor: Shuting Huo (Chinese University of Hong Kong)
Collaborator: Urs Maurer (Chinese University of Hong Kong)


Summary: Based on their metaphors and quotes, most children with dyslexia understand the concept of dyslexia and various learning domains well

Method: Interview with metaphor analysis

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The effects of input and output modalities on language switching between Chinese and English

[Picture]
Reaction times and switch costs in different modalities during language switching between Cantonese and English

Supervisor: Urs Maurer (Chinese University of Hong Kong)


Summary: Language switch costs can be found in writing and listening, but not only in speaking and receiving visual information as found in most previous research

Method: Behavioral task of language switching

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